Cumming School of Medicine
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The University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine was established in 1967 and renamed the Cumming School of Medicine in 2014. The Cumming School of Medicine is a national research leader in brain and mental health, chronic diseases and cardiovascular sciences.
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Browsing Cumming School of Medicine by Department "Clinical Neurosciences"
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Item Open Access Absence of clinical relationship between oxidized low density lipoproteins and diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a case control study(BioMed Central, 2014-02-12) Rosales-Hernandez, Alma; Cheung, Audrey; Podgorny, Peter; Chan, Cynthia; Toth, CoryItem Open Access Anemia and red blood cell transfusion in neurocritical care(BioMed Central, 2009-06-11) Kramer, Andreas H.; Zygun, David AItem Open Access Cannabinoid-mediated modulation of neuropathic pain and microglial accumulation in a model of murine type I diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain(BioMed Central, 2010-03-17) Toth, Cory; Jedrzejewski, Nicole M.; Ellis, Connie L.; Frey, William H.Item Open Access Comparison of central versus peripheral delivery of pregabalin in neuropathic pain states(BioMed Central, 2012-01-11) Martinez, Jose A.; Kasamatsu, Manami; Rosales-Hernandez, Alma; Hanson, Leah R.; H Frey, William; Toth, CoryItem Open Access Cortical excitability after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury(Elsevier, 2016-11-19) Seeger, Trevor A.; Kirton, Adam; Esser, Michael J.; Gallagher, Clare; Dunn, Jeff F.; Zewdie, Ephrem Takele; Damji, Omar; Ciechanski, Patrick; Barlow, Karen M.Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) outcomes are variable, and 10e15% may suffer from prolonged symptoms beyond 3 months that impair the child's return to normal activities. Neurophysiological mechanisms of mTBI are incompletely understood, particularly in children, but alterations in cortical excitability have been proposed to underlie post-concussion syndrome. Improved understanding is required to advance interventions and improve outcomes. Objective/Hypothesis: To determine if cortical excitability is altered in children with mTBI, and its association with clinical symptoms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional controlled cohort study. School-aged children (8e18 years) with mTBI were compared to healthy controls. Cortical excitability was measured using multiple TMS paradigms in children with (symptomatic) and without (recovered) persistent symptoms one-month post-injury. Primary outcome was the cortical silent period (cSP), a potential neurophysiological biomarker of GABAergic inhibition. Secondary outcomes included additional TMS neurophysiology, safety and tolerability. Associations between neurophysiology parameters and clinical symptoms were evaluated. Results: Fifty-three children with mTBI (55% male; mean age 14.1 SD: 2.4 years; 35 symptomatic and 27 asymptomatic participants) and 28 controls (46% male; mean age 14.3 SD: 3.1 years) were enrolled. cSP duration was similar between groups (F (2, 73) ¼ 0.55, p ¼ 0.582). Log10 long interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) was reduced in symptomatic participants compared to healthy controls (F (2, 59) ¼ 3.83, p ¼ 0.027). Procedures were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. Conclusions: TMS measures of cortical excitability are altered at one month in children with mTBI. Long interval cortical inhibition is decreased in children who remain symptomatic at one month post-injury.Item Open Access Detecting Deoxyhemoglobin in Spinal Cord Vasculature of the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis Using Susceptibility MRI and Hyperoxygenation(PLOS ONE, 2015-05-18) Nathoo, Nabeela; Rogers, James A.; Yong, V. Wee; Dunn, Jeff F.Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) detects hypointensities due to iron deposition and deoxyhemoglobin. Previously it was shown that SWI detects hypointensities in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis (MS), most of which are due to intravascular deoxyhemoglobin, with a small proportion being due to iron deposition in the central nervous system parenchyma and demyelination. However, animals had to be sacrificed to differentiate these two types of lesions which is impractical for time course studies or for human application. Here, we proposed altering the inspired oxygen concentration during imaging to identify deoxyhemoglobin-based hypointensities in vivo. SWI was performed on lumbar spinal cords of naive control and EAE mice using 30% O2 then 100% O2. Some mice were imaged using 30% O2, 100% O2 and after perfusion. Most SWI-visible hypointensities seen with 30% O2 changed in appearance upon administration of 100% O2, and were not visible after perfusion. That hypointensities changed with hyperoxygenation indicates that they were caused by deoxyhemoglobin. We show that increasing the inspired oxygen concentration identifies deoxyhemoglobin-based hypointensities in vivo. This could be applied in future studies to investigate the contribution of vascular-based hypointensities with SWI in EAE and MS over time.Item Open Access Development of a Model of Recurrent Stroke Consisting of a Mild Transient Stroke followed by a Second Moderate Stroke in Rats(Elsevier, 2009) Qiao, M.; Zhao, Zonghang; Barber, Philip A.; Foniok, T.; Sun, S.; Tuor, Ursula I.Item Open Access Differentiating cognitive or motor dimensions associated with the perception of fall-related self-efficacy in Parkinson's disease(Nature Publishing Group, 2018-01) Chomiak, Taylor; Watts, Alexander; Burt, Jacqueline; Camicioli, Richard M.; Tan, Sun Nee; McKeown, Martin; Hu, BinIn Parkinson's disease (PD), concurrent declines in cognitive and motor domain function can severely limit an individual's ability to conduct daily tasks. Current diagnostic methods, however, lack precision in differentiating domain-specific contributions of cognitive or motor impairments based on a patients' clinical manifestation. Fear of falling (FOF) is a common clinical manifestation among the elderly, in which both cognitive and motor impairments can lead to significant barriers to a patients' physical and social activities. The present study evaluated whether a set of analytical and machine-learning approaches could be used to help delineate boundary conditions and separate cognitive and motor contributions to a patient's own perception of self-efficacy and FOF. Cognitive and motor clinical scores, in conjunction with FOF, were collected from 57 Parkinson's patients during a multi-centre rehabilitation intervention trial. Statistical methodology was used to extract a subset of uncorrelated cognitive and motor components associated with cognitive and motor predictors, which were then used to independently identify and visualize cognitive and motor dimensions associated with FOF. We found that a central cognitive process, extracted from tests of executive, attentional, and visuoperceptive function, was a unique and significant independent cognitive predictor of FOF in PD. In addition, we provide evidence that the approaches described here may be used to computationally discern specific types of FOF based on separable cognitive or motor models. Our results are consistent with a contemporary model that the deterioration of a central cognitive mechanism that modulates self-efficacy also plays a critical role in FOF in PD.Item Open Access Dosing of Electrical Parameters in Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for Intractable Depression: A Review of Clinical Studies(Frontiers, 2018-01) Ramasubbu, Rajamannar; Lang, Stefan; Kiss, Zelma H. T.Background: The electrical parameters used for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in movement disorders have been relatively well studied, however for the newer indications of DBS for psychiatric indications these are less clear. Based on the movement disorder literature, use of the correct stimulation parameters should be crucial for clinical outcomes. This review examines the stimulation parameters used in DBS studies for treatment resistant depression (TRD) and their relevance to clinical outcome and brain targets. Methods: We examined the published studies on DBS for TRD archived in major databases. Data on stimulus parameters (frequency, pulse width, amplitude), stimulation mode, brain target, efficacy, safety, and duration of follow up were extracted from 29 observational studies including case reports of patients with treatment resistant unipolar, bipolar, and co-morbid depression. Results: The algorithms commonly used to optimize efficacy were increasing amplitude followed by changing the electric contacts or increasing pulse width. High frequency stimulation (>100 Hz) was applied in most cases across brain targets. Keeping the high frequency stimulation constant, three different combinations of parameters were mainly used: (i) short pulse width (60-90 us) and low amplitude (0-4 V), (ii) short pulse width and high amplitude (5-10 V), (iii) long pulse width (120-450 us) and low amplitude. There were individual variations in clinical response to electrical dosing and also in the time of clinical recovery. There was no significant difference in mean stimulation parameters between responders and non-responders suggesting a role for stimulation unrelated factors in response. Conclusions: Although limited by open trials and small sample size, three optimal stimulation parameter combinations emerged from this review. Studies are needed to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of these combinations, such as a registry of data from patients undergoing DBS for TRD with individual data on stimulation parameters.Item Open Access Effects of aging on the association between cerebrovascular responses to visual stimulation, hypercapnia and arterial stiffness(Frontiers, 2014-02-19) Fluck, Daniela; Beaudin, Andrew E.; Steinback, Craig D.; Kumparpillai, Gopukumar; Shobha, Nandavar; McCreary, Cheryl R.; Peca, Stefano; Smith, Eric E.; Poulin, Marc J.Item Open Access Expanding the Potential Therapeutic Options for Remote Ischemic Preconditioning: Use in Multiple Sclerosis(Frontiers Media, 2018-06-19) Cámara-Lemarroy, Carlos Rodrigo; Metz, Luanne M.; Smith, Eric Edward; Dunn, Jeffrey F.; Yong, Voon Wee E.Item Open Access Factors Associated with Early Deterioration after Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2014-05-08) Adrian V. Specogna; Turin, Tanvir C.; Patten, Scott B.; Hill, Michael D.Item Open Access Fiber-optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing to assess swallowing outcomes as a function of head position in a normal population(BioMed Central, 2014-04-22) Badenduck, Lucas A; Matthews, T. Wayne; McDonough, Alanna; Dort, Joseph C.; Wiens, Kristin; Kettner, Rachelle; Crawford, Susan; Kaplan, Bonnie JItem Open Access Final 2 year results of the vascular imaging of acute stroke for identifying predictors of clinical outcome and recurrent ischemic eveNts (VISION) study(BioMed Central, 2011-04-23) Coutts, Shelagh B.; Hill, Michael D.; Eliasziw, Misha; Fischer, Karyn; Demchuk, Andrew M.Item Open Access Functional connectivity of neural motor networks is disrupted in children with developmental coordination disorder and attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder(Elsevier, 2014) McLeod, Kevin R.; Langevin, Lisa Marie; Goodyear, Bradley G.; Dewey, DeborahItem Open Access Infrared optical imaging of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) up regulation following ischemia reperfusion is ameliorated by hypothermia(BioMed Central, 2012) Barber, Philip A.; Rushforth, David; Agrawal, Smriti; Tuor, Ursula IItem Open Access Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ischemia Viability Thresholds and the Neurovascular Unit(MDPI, 2013-05-27) Barber, Philip A.Item Open Access Ndel1 promotes axon regeneration via intermediate filaments(Public Library of Science, 2008-04-23) Toth, Cory; Shim, Su Yeon; Wang, Jian; Jiang, Yulan; Neumayer, Gernot; Belzil, Camille; Liu, Wei-Qiao; Martinez, Jose; Zochodne, Douglas; Nguyen, Minh DangItem Open Access A novel anti-EMMPRIN function-blocking antibody reduces T cell proliferation and neurotoxicity: relevance to multiple sclerosis(BioMed Central, 2012-04-05) Agrawal, Smriti M.; Silva, Claudia; Wang, Janet; Tong, Jade Pui-Wai; Yong, V. WeeItem Open Access An open-label, non-randomized comparison of venlafaxine and gabapentin as monotherapy or adjuvant therapy in the management of neuropathic pain in patients with peripheral neuropathy(Dove Medical Press, 2010-04) Eardley, William; Toth, Cory