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The household food insecurity gradient and potential reductions in adverse population mental health outcomes in Canadian adults

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Author
Jessiman-Perreault, Genevieve
McIntyre, Lynn
Accessioned
2017-06-17T02:44:56Z
Available
2017-06-17T02:44:56Z
Issued
2017-05-31
Subject
food insecurity
chronic stress
mental health
Canadian adults
Type
journal article
Metadata
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Abstract
Purpose: Household food insecurity is related to poor mental health. This study examines whether the level of household food insecurity is associated with a gradient in the risk of reporting six adverse mental health outcomes. This study further quantifies the mental health impact if severe food insecurity, the extreme of the risk continuum, were eliminated in Canada. Methods: Using a pooled sample of the Canadian Community Health Survey (N = 302,683), we examined the relationship between level of food insecurity, in adults 18–64 years, and reporting six adverse mental health outcomes. We conducted a probit analysis adjusted for multi-variable models, to calculate the reduction in the odds of reporting mental health outcomes that might accrue from the elimination of severe food insecurity. Results: Controlling for various demographic and socioeconomic covariates, a food insecurity gradient was found in six mental health outcomes. We calculated that a decrease between 8.1% and 16.0% in the reporting of these mental health outcomes would accrue if those who are currently severely food insecure became food secure, after controlling for covariates. Conclusion: Household food insecurity has a pervasive graded negative effect on a variety of mental health outcomes, in which significantly higher levels of food insecurity are associated with a higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes. Reduction of food insecurity, particularly at the severe level, is a public health concern and a modifiable structural determinant of health worthy of macro-level policy intervention.
Grantingagency
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Refereed
Yes
Sponsorship
Programmatic Grant in Health and Health Equity from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (Grant no. FRN 115208) and a CIHR Graduate Student Award
Citation
Jessiman-Perreault G, McIntyre L.The Household Food Insecurity Gradient and Potential Reductions in Adverse Population Mental Health Outcomes in Canadian Adults, SSM - Population Health 2017;3:464-472
Department
Community Health Sciences
Faculty
Cumming School of Medicine
Institution
University of Calgary
Url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.05.013
Publisher
Elsevier
Uri
http://hdl.handle.net/1880/52103
Collections
  • Cumming School of Medicine Research & Publications

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