The purpose of this research is to assess the oil sands tailings disposal and management problem form an environmental, social, economic and technological perspective. The main objective is to analyze the various impacts and determine the relative severity of each using qualitative significance criteria based on the magnitude, duration, frequency, reversibility, ecological context, social significance and likelihood criteria based on Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency guidelines (CEAA, 2000). The study will also outline what research and technologies are being developed to manage these effects.