Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Young Men
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Abstract
Studies have shown that self-compassion, a positive psychological construct characterized by self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness, is negatively associated with body dissatisfaction in women. However, little is known about the relationship between self-compassion and body dissatisfaction among men. Body dissatisfaction in men heavily overlaps with a desire for muscularity and leanness for men in contemporary Western society. Given that young adult men are more vulnerable to body dissatisfaction, this study aimed to examine the unique associations between self-compassion and three body dissatisfaction variables in young men: overall appearance evaluation, satisfaction with distinct body areas (e.g., chest, back, and biceps), and drive for muscularity. A sample of 170 men between 18 to 34 years of age from the United States were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants completed a demographics questionnaire, one measure of self-compassion, and three measures of body dissatisfaction (appearance evaluation, body areas satisfaction, and drive for muscularity). The findings revealed that self-compassion was uniquely associated with all three body dissatisfaction variables after accounting for body mass index. The findings suggested a potential protective role of self-compassion against body dissatisfaction in young men. Implications for counselling psychology and research highlight the importance of self-compassion as a protective factor within the sociocultural context of male body image.