Policy Path towards Empowerment and Inclusion of persons with disabilities in Uganda

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2020-09-13
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Abstract

Disability issues have reached a level where they must be discussed in Uganda’s policy space. Uganda’s national policy on disability provides for a human rights-based approach, guided by commitments to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD). Uganda is a signatory to the UN CRPD. The persons with disabilities Act passed in 2006 is the primary national law governing disability in the country. It combines much of the UN CRPD provisions. It also reiterates the protections for persons with disabilities in the Uganda Constitution of 1995 and other human rights instruments relating to persons with disabilities. In addition, the UN CRPD, along with other foreign and national instruments, the Republic of Uganda 1995 Constitution and the 2006 persons with disabilities Act, provide safeguards for persons with disabilities to ensure that they have access and equal opportunities just as other citizens in society do. Realizing those provisions, though, is still a big challenge. In Uganda, persons with disabilities consist of a large group of people living below the poverty line whose lives need to be improved. Because of legal, policy, social and cultural values, and system-related difficulties, they rarely participate in government programs. The purpose of this capstone was to examine the use of research-based evidence to improve the design and implementation of policies that respond to the inclusion and needs of people living with disabilities in Uganda. A literature review was conducted to examine existing inclusive and empowerment policies for persons with disabilities in Uganda. Several sources were utilized, including peer-reviewed literature in journals and electronic form and grey literature (policy documents) from the Uganda Government's relevant websites. The analysis was guided by the “Disability and Inclusion-based Policy Analysis Framework” (DIBPA) developed by the Institute for Research and Development on Inclusion and Society (IRIS) and the UN CRPD. The findings from the literature review revealed several issues with the Uganda disability policy. These range from varying conceptualization of disability, limited disability data, discrimination and exclusion in policymaking, employment, access to justice, and lack of access to knowledge and favorable physical environment to little domestication of the UN CRPD. Results from DIBPA indicate that the eligibility criteria for most government programs were unclear, which confused beneficiaries, and led to inadequate targeting. Based on these preliminary findings from the literature review and analysis, this capstone concludes with two policy options to improve the inclusion, participation, and accessibility by persons with disabilities, as stipulated in the UN CRPD. The two policy options include: • An overall policy change on disability funding with the creation of a universal disability grant that is achievable, affordable, and sustainable in the long-term. • Adopting administrative measures to improve coordination and collaboration among disability programs in Uganda. This capstone recommends that the Government of Uganda changes its disability funding policy by creating a universal disability grant. It is a better alternative compared to having several fragmented programs that are difficult to coordinate. Universal grants for persons living with disabilities go beyond compensation for daily living expenses. They act as an income substitute for those who are unable to participate in paid jobs and compensate those who have a partial loss of earnings due to their disability.

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Byamukama, A. (2020). Policy Path towards Empowerment and Inclusion of persons with disabilities in Uganda (Unpublished master's project). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB.