Multifunctional materials combine different materials with complementary properties to create a final product with synergy effects. Such composite materials can be produced by controlling particle characteristics. Particles in a medium can be oriented spatially by various fields. Flow can be applied to various materials (e.g., non-conductive), and is compatible with biomedical applications. However, controlling particles' microstructures during flow is challenging due to the influence of interaction forces between nanoparticles with different characteristics (e.g., size, shape, polydispersity) and the fluid medium's properties.Here, we realize a multifunctional material combining a polymeric matrix with anisotropic nanoparticles creating tunable flow-induced anisotropy. Two model systems were used; the platelet nano clay and the rod-like titania to produce colloids with size polydispersity. Flow was applied to suspensions at various rates using a syringe pump to control the Peclet ratio. Suspensions’ microstructure under flow was studied via small angle light scattering (SALS) which is cost-effective, and does not require research facilities (e.g., synchrotron). SALS provided us a novel averaged orientation and spatial distribution information of polydisperse suspensions with a non-monotonic orientation dynamic that is not possible in monodisperse systems.Using orientation information, a biopolymer suspension was developed as a bio-adhesive for wound healing and capable of providing rapid blood hemostasis when applied by a protocol compatible with surgical conditions. Microstructures of oriented titania rods that obtained by suspension’s crosslinking showed higher tensile properties parallel to the nanorods’ orientation.Flow-induced lithography was also used to create anisotropic 3D structures with nano clay and titania in polymer blends. The resultant anisotropic hydrogel composite had significant compressive properties and cell viability over one week and can be used with both acellular scaffolds and cell-containing inks.Overall, the developed SALS system can be combined with any optically transparent system to establish processing schemes to control dispersed particles’ microstructures under flow. This aspect can generate anisotropic structures, regardless of particle characteristics, as we showed here for two biomedical inspired applications, namely bio-adhesive and flow-lithography scaffolds. Such control on particles’ microstructures translates in nanocomposites with exceptional mechanical properties at the macro level.