Dynamics between opioid use, unemployment, and property crime in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, and Toronto
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Canada is currently experiencing a national opioid crisis, which has many associated negative effects on the individual and society. Empirical evidence has confirmed a link between illicit opioid use and property crime, committed to finance illicit drug consumption among users who have no other revenue streams. Across Canada, governments have responded in various ways to the opioid crisis at hand. The drug-crime link has been put under additional scrutiny after provincial governments in Alberta and Ontario have initiated reviews of the community effects—including property crime—around safe consumption sites. However, only few studies have attempted to understand the combined dynamics among illicit opioid use, property crime, and the state of the local economy. From a database of opioid-related overdose rates, rates of break and enters and thefts from vehicles, and unemployment rates in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary and Toronto, correlation and regression techniques were applied to understand the relationship between the variables. The results show significant variation among the cities studied, which in some cases suggest other drivers affect property crime rates, and that the relationship between opioid use and property crime may be negative in other cases. The findings may be used to alleviate community concerns regarding harmreduction initiatives as a response to the opioid crisis. However, the inconsistent results primarily call for further studies to explore whether connection between illicit substance abuse and property crime in the wake of illicit fentanyl proliferation.