Leonard, Timothy R.Howard, Jason J.Larkin-Kaiser, Kelly A.Joumaa, VenusLogan, Karl J.Orlik, BenjaminEl-Hawary, RonGauthier, Luke E.Herzog, Walter2019-03-052019-03-052019-02-23Leonard, T. R., Howard, J., Larkin-Kaiser, K., Joumaa, V., Logan, K., Orlik, B., … Herzog, W. (2019). Stiffness of Hip Adductor Myofibrils is decreased in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Journal of Biomechanics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.02.023http://hdl.handle.net/1880/109932https://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/36160Cerebral palsy (CP) is the result of a static brain lesion which causes spasticity and muscle contracture. The source of the increased passive stiffness in patients is not understood and while whole muscle down to single muscle fibres have been investigated, the smallest functional unit of muscle (the sarcomere) has not been. Muscle biopsies (adductor longus and gracilis) from pediatric patients were obtained (CP n=9 and control n=2) and analyzed for mechanical stiffness, in-vivo sarcomere length and titin isoforms. Adductor longus muscle was the focus of this study and the results for sarcomere length showed a significant increase in length for CP (3.6µm) compared to controls (2.6µm). Passive stress at the same sarcomere length for CP compared to control was significantly lower in CP and the elastic modulus for the physiological range of muscle was lower in CP compared to control (98.2kPa and 166.1kPa, respectively). Our results show that CP muscle at its most reduced level (the myofibril) is more compliant compared to normal , which is completely opposite to what is observed at higher structural levels (single fibres, muscle fibre bundles and whole muscle). It is noteworthy that at the in vivo sarcomere length in CP, the passive forces are greater than normal, purely as a functional of these more compliant sarcomeres operating at long lengths. Titin isoforms were not different between CP and non-CP adductor longus but titin:nebulin was reduced in CP muscle, which may be due to titin loss or an over-expression of nebulin in CP muscles.enUnless otherwise indicated, this material is protected by copyright and has been made available with authorization from the copyright owner. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.Cerebral palsypassive stressmyofibrilsTitinjournal article(1) FDN-143341https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.02.023