Browsing by Author "Beveridge, Jaimie"

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    Examining the Intergenerational Cascade from Parent Adverse Childhood Experiences to Child Chronic Pain: The Mediating Roles of Parent Chronic Pain and PTSD Symptoms
    (2020-09-19) Beveridge, Jaimie; Noel, Melanie; Madigan, Sheri L.; Yeates, Keith Owen; Giesbrecht, Gerald F.
    Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; exposure to abuse, neglect, household dysfunction as a child) are common and associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes in adolescence and adulthood. Emerging research suggests ACEs can also confer risk for the next generation. Indeed, parent ACEs have been found to relate to children’s general health, development, and psychosocial functioning. Research has yet to examine ACEs among parents of youth with chronic pain. Parent ACEs may play an important role in pediatric chronic pain, given their association with physical (e.g., parent chronic pain) and mental (e.g., parent PTSD) health conditions that are related to the functioning of youth with chronic pain. The current study sought to examine the relation between parent ACEs and child chronic pain as well as the potential mediating roles of parent chronic pain and PTSD symptoms in this relation. Methods: Parent-child dyads were recruited from tertiary-level pediatric chronic pain clinics in Canada. At baseline, parents completed self-report measures of exposure to ACEs, chronic pain status, and current PTSD symptoms. At 3-month follow-up, youth completed self-report measures of pain intensity and pain interference. The final sample included 195 youth with chronic pain (75.9% female, Mage = 14.39 years) and one of their parents (92.3% female, Mage = 44.91 years). Results: Over two-thirds (67.7%) of parents reported one or more ACEs and almost one-quarter (22.1%) reported four or more ACEs. Parent ACEs (total score, maltreatment score, and household dysfunction score) were related to parent chronic pain status but not parent PTSD symptoms. Moreover, parent ACEs were not related to youth pain outcomes either directly or indirectly through parent chronic pain or PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: These findings suggest that ACEs are prevalent among parents of youth seeking treatment for their chronic pain but are not directly related to the youth’s pain or impairment. Further research that examines the role of parent ACEs in the development of child chronic pain as well as other potential mediators of this association is needed to inform interventions that prevent the intergenerational transmission of risk for chronic pain.
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    Risk and Resilience: The Role of Parent Functioning in Pediatric Chronic Pain
    (2024-09-10) Beveridge, Jaimie; Noel, Melanie; Birnie, Kathryn; Madigan, Sheri; Orr, Serena
    Objective: Pediatric chronic pain is prevalent and can significantly interfere with children’s physical, emotional, social, and educational functioning. Parent factors have been shown to play an important role in children’s chronic pain; however, research has predominately focused on parent responses to child pain to the exclusion of parents’ own functioning (i.e., their physical and mental health). The broad aim of this dissertation was to examine the association between parent functioning, specifically their own chronic pain and mental health symptoms, and child chronic pain using a multi-method approach. Methods: Three studies were conducted. The first study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the extant literature examining associations between parent mental health and children’s chronic pain and related functioning in both clinical and community samples. The second study used daily diary data from a clinical sample of 76 youth referred to a tertiary pain program and one of their parents to examine the associations between parent chronic pain status, parent daily variability (in their anxiety, mood, protective responses, and parenting stress), and youth daily pain intensity and interference. The third study used data from 1128 mother-child dyads enrolled in a longitudinal, community-based cohort study to identify risk and resilience factors throughout childhood that moderated the intergenerational transmission of chronic pain. Results: Poorer functioning (i.e., chronic pain and/or mental health problems) in parents was significantly associated with the presence of chronic pain in community samples of children as well as the pain-related functioning of clinical samples of children with chronic pain. Parent chronic pain and mental health symptoms were related to children’s chronic pain and functioning in distinct as well as interacting ways. Several general parent and child factors were found to contribute to the association between parent functioning and child chronic pain, either increasing or decreasing the strength of the association, including ineffective parenting practices, child optimism, and child connections with adults. Conclusions: Parent functioning plays an important role in pediatric chronic pain, increasing children’s risk for poor adaptation to chronic pain, and should be more widely considered in research and clinical interventions for pediatric chronic pain.