Browsing by Author "Bolton, James"
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- ItemOpen AccessAddictions and Mental Health Patient Boarding in Emergency Departments: Protocol for a Scoping Review(2023-06-08) Ridout, Amelia; Antonio, Anjolaoluwa; Bolton, James; Chan, Eric; Chisholm, Cassandra; Chow, Kristian; Ganshorn, Heather; Grimminck, Rachel; Major, Daniel; Nordstrom, Kimberly; Pearlmutter, Mark; Lang, EddyObjective: The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent, nature, and quality of evidence relating to the boarding of addictions and mental health (AMH) patients in emergency departments (EDs). Introduction: ‘Boarding’ refers to the time a patient spends in the ED before being transferred to an inpatient bed after an admission decision has been made (1-4). AMH patients are disproportionately likely to experience boarding (1,4,5). Patients can be boarded in the ED for many hours or days, often under suboptimal conditions that harm their health and wellbeing (6). Despite the ongoing issue of AMH patient boarding in EDs across Canada and globally, there is a lack of scoping or systematic reviews that synthesize the literature on this topic. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will include peer-reviewed literature of all study designs and methodologies that meets the following inclusion criteria: (1) involve a participant population of pediatric and/or adult patients with substance use and/or mental health disorders, (2) focus on the concept of boarding or delayed transfer, and (3) occur within the context of a hospital ED. Methods: We will search the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO (on the Ovid platform), and CINAHL (on the Ebsco platform). Covidence software will be used to manage the results of the search, select studies that meet the inclusion criteria, remove duplicates, and extract data. Studies will be critically appraised using JBI critical appraisal checklists (7). Results will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR checklist (8).
- ItemOpen AccessSystematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventions for Depression and Anxiety in Persons With Rheumatoid Arthritis(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2017) Fiest, Kirsten M.; Hitchon, Carol A.; Bernstein, Charles N.; Peschken, Christine A.; Walker, John R.; Graff, Lesley A.; Zarychanski, Ryan; Abou-Setta, Ahmed; Patten, Scott B.; Sareen, Jitender; Bolton, James; Marrie, Ruth AnnBackground Psychiatric comorbidities, such as depression and anxiety, are very common in persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and can lead to adverse outcomes. By appropriately treating these comorbidities, disease-specific outcomes and quality of life may be improved. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature from controlled trials of treatments for depression and anxiety in persons with RA. Methods We searched multiple online databases from inception until March 25, 2015, without restrictions on language, date, or location of publication. We included controlled trials conducted in persons with RA and depression or anxiety. Two independent reviewers extracted information including trial and participant characteristics. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) of depression or anxiety scores at postassessment were pooled between treatment and comparison groups, stratified by active versus inactive comparators. Results From 1291 unique abstracts, we included 8 RA trials of depression interventions (6 pharmacological, 1 psychological, 1 both). Pharmacological interventions for depression with inactive comparators (n = 3 trials, 143 participants) did not reduce depressive symptoms (SMD, -0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.27 to 0.85), although interventions with active comparators (n = 3 trials, 190 participants) did improve depressive symptoms (SMD, -0.79; 95% CI, -1.34 to -0.25). The single psychological trial of depression treatment in RA did not improve depressive symptoms (SMD, -0.44; 95% CI, -0.96 to 0.08). Seven of the trials had an unclear risk of bias. Conclusions Few trials examining interventions for depression or anxiety in adults with RA exist, and the level of evidence is low to moderate because of the risk of bias and small number of trials.
- ItemOpen AccessSystematic review of interventions for depression and anxiety in persons with inflammatory bowel disease(BMC, 2016) Fiest, Kirsten M.; Bernstein, Charles N.; Walker, John R.; Graff, Lesley A.; Hitchon, Carol A.; Peschken, Christine A.; Zarychanski, Ryan; Abou-Setta, Ahmed; Patten, Scott B.; Sareen, Jitender; Bolton, James; Singer, Alexander; Marrie, Ruth AnnBackground Depression and anxiety are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can affect disease outcomes, including quality of life and success of disease treatment. Successful management of psychiatric comorbidities may improve outcomes, though the effectiveness of existing treatments in IBD is unknown. Methods We searched multiple online databases from inception until March 25, 2015, without restrictions on language, date, or location of publication. We included controlled clinical trials conducted in persons with IBD and depression or anxiety. Two independent reviewers reviewed all abstracts and full-text articles and extracted information including trial and participant characteristics. We also assessed the risk of bias. Results Of 768 unique abstracts, we included one trial of pharmacological anxiety treatment in IBD (48 participants), which found an improvement in anxiety symptoms (p < 0.001). There was a high risk of bias in this trial. We found no controlled clinical trials on the treatment of depression in persons with IBD and depression and no controlled clinical trials reporting on psychological interventions for anxiety or depression in IBD. Conclusions Only one trial examined an intervention for anxiety in adults with IBD and no trials studied depression in adults with IBD. The level of evidence is low because of the risk of bias and limited evidence.