Browsing by Author "Devine, Heather"
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- ItemOpen AccessD.G. MacMartin's 1905 Diary, Intergovernmental Conflict and Ontario's Treaty 9 Role(2015-10-02) MacMartin, David; Devine, HeatherThis thesis analyses Ontario’s Treaty 9 role and the significance of the 1905 Treaty 9 diary written by its Commissioner, Daniel George MacMartin. Ontario’s Treaty 9 involvement resulted from its decades-long co-sovereigntist campaign from 1867-1905. The diary is a unique historical document that fuses both oral and written records of the 1905 Treaty 9 negotiations. It confirms that Treaty 9 First Nations were given oral assurances they could continue hunting, fishing and trapping throughout their traditional territory. This is now a constitutionally entrenched treaty right. MacMartin’s appointment as Ontario’s Treaty 9 Commissioner is explained as reflecting a well-established operative dimension of Ontario political culture. It is concluded that George MacMartin brought honour to the Crown in 1905 in recording and preserving his observations about the Treaty 9 negotiation meetings in his diary and established a model for Canada’s governments to now emulate in dealings with Canada’s First Nations.
- ItemOpen AccessFinding Directions West: Readings that Locate and Dislocate Western Canada's Past(University of Calgary Press, 2017-02) Colpitts, George; Devine, HeatherIn the past, Western Canada was a place of new directions in human thought and action, migrations of the mind and body, and personal journeys. This book anthology brings together studies exploring the way the west served as a place of constant movement between places of spiritual, subsistence and aesthetic importance. The region, it would seem, gained its very life in the movement of its people. Finding Directions West: Readings that Locate and Dislocate Western Canada's Past, showcases new Western Canadian research on the places found and inhabited by indigenous people and newcomers, as well as their strategies to situate themselves, move on to new homes or change their environments to recreate the West in profoundly different ways. These studies range from the way indigenous people found representation in museum displays, to the archival home newcomers found for themselves: how, for instance, the LGBT community found a place, or not, in the historical record itself. Other studies examine the means by which Métis communities, finding the west transforming around them, turned to grassroots narratives and historical preservation in order to produce what is now appreciated as vernacular histories of inestimable value. In another study, the issues confronted by the Stoney Nakoda who found their home territory rapidly changing in the treaty and reserve era is examined: how Stoney connections to Indian agents and missionaries allowed them to pursue long-distance subsistence strategies into the pioneer era. The anthology includes an analysis of a lengthy travel diary of an English visitor to Depression-era Alberta, revealing how she perceived the region in a short government-sponsored inquiry. Other studies examine the ways women, themselves newcomers in pioneering society, evaluated new immigrants to the region and sought to extend, or not, the vote to them; and the ways early suffrage activists in Alberta and England by World War I developed key ideas when they cooperated in publicity work in Western Canada. Finding Directions West also includes a study on ranchers and how they initially sought to circumscribe their practices around large landholdings in periods of drought, to the architectural designs imported to places such as the Banff Centre that defied the natural geography of the Rocky Mountains. Too often, Western Canadian history is understood as a fixed, precisely mapped and authoritatively documented place. This anthology prompts readers to think differently about a region where ideas, people and communities were in a constant but energetic flux, and how newcomers converged into sometimes impermanent homes or moved on to new experiences to leave a significant legacy for the present-day.
- ItemOpen AccessMetis pioneers: Isabella Hardisty Lougheed and Marie Rose Delorme Smith(2012) MacKinnon, Doris J.; Colpitts, George; Devine, Heather
- ItemOpen AccessResistance and Reinscription: Revitalizing Mi'kmaq Culture in Newfoundland - A Grounded Theory Discursive Analysis of Oppression and Resistance(2014-02-24) Butler, Charles WIlliam James; Tettey, Wisdom; Rusted, Brian; Devine, HeatherThis dissertation utilizes a grounded theory methodology to explore the intersection between Indigenous and multi-cultural societies. It focusses on an Indigenous people who have long been framed as fully assimilated into white society. It critiques how Canada purports to be a multi-cultural mosaic in a post-colonial state and argues that these concepts fail to account for the presence of Indigenous peoples, their interactions with the dominant settler society and the fact that the Indian Act represents the ongoing colonization of Indigenous people. Further, it argues that discussions of the place of Indigenous people in Canada often work from the assumption that in order to survive and to prosper, Indigenous people must abandon many of the key cultural practices that differentiate their worldview from that of the settlers. That is, they must choose to be assimilated and to become hyphenated-Canadians. This thesis examines how Mi’kmaq in Newfoundland are revitalizing their Indigenous culture through resistance and reinscription. It problematizes notions of hybridity and challenges the authority of governments, which seek to control Indigenous identity through a legislative framework, oppression, and marginalization. It argues for the legitimacy and authenticity of Indigenous identities that incorporate cultural practices from Pan-Indian sources in order to re-establish holistic Indigenous cultures. Finally, it presents an alternative understanding of how Indigenous identities can continue to flourish even when immersed in a society, which seeks to erase them.
- ItemOpen AccessSacrifice, Fate, and a Working-Class Heaven: Popular Belief in the Crowsnest Pass(2017) MacGrath, Thomas; Marshall, David B.; Devine, Heather; Langford, ThomasThis thesis examines the relationship between religion and the working class in the coalmining communities of the Crowsnest Pass by studying attitudes towards death, dying, and the afterlife. While many people in the Crowsnest Pass rejected institutional religion in the early twentieth century, many members of the working-class articulated their own versions of religious and spiritual belief. Popular beliefs that are rooted in Christian thought were an important part of the lives of the Crowsnest Pass working class during the first half of the twentieth century as they dealt with high rates of death in their communities.
- ItemOpen AccessThe Call of the Buffalo: Exploring Kinship with the Buffalo in Indigenous Creative Expression(2016) Hubbard, Tasha; Perreault, Jeanne; Justice, Daniel Heath; Devine, Heather; Kertzer, Adrienne; Banting, PamelaThis dissertation examines the kinship relationship between Indigenous peoples and our relative the buffalo. I posit that texts in which Indigenous peoples express their relationship with the buffalo contain expressions of Indigenous epistemologies. Indigenous kinship theory, Indigenous critical geography, and Indigenous histories are foundational for this project. The presence of the buffalo is found within Indigenous oral stories, literature, art, and other forms of expression. Specifically, the dissertation engages with the representation of buffalo’s role in creating and renewing kinship ties. It examines Indigenous grief and mourning during the genocide of the buffalo; buffalo confinement and diaspora during the settlement era; women’s knowledge of the connection between buffalo and the land; and the artist’s role in revitalizing the relationship with buffalo. Authors and creators include Percy Bullchild, Alexander Wolfe, Edward Benton-Banai, Leslie Marmon Silko, Stan Cuthand, Barry Ahenakew, Neal McLeod, Marilyn Dumont, Louise Erdrich, Mourning Dove, D’Arcy McNickle, Linda Hogan, Beverly Hungry Wolf, Beth Cuthand, Louise Halfe, Jaune Quick-To-See Smith, Adrian Stimson and Thomas King. This work can be understood as the imperative for Indigenous peoples to remember the kinship relationship shared with the buffalo, including the web of responsibilities to all peoples, human and more-than-human, with whom we share this land.