Browsing by Author "Draper, Dianne Louise"

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    Arvia’juaq National Historic Site: A Case Study on Heritage and Virtual Tourism in the Canadian Arctic
    (2017) Porter, Mary Cecilia; Dawson, Peter C.; Oetelaar, Gerald Anthony; Draper, Dianne Louise
    This community-engaged archaeological research focuses on overcoming remoteness of important archaeological sites in terms of imparting their message of significance to the broader public. The focus of this project is Arvia’juaq National Historic Site located off the West coast of Hudson Bay in Nunavut, Canada. For this research, a proof of concept interactive virtual tour was constructed using panoramic images of Arvia’juaq. Issues examined include the importance of public outreach, engagement of local communities through virtual heritage, overcoming the digital divide in the Canadian Arctic, and the use of VR panoramas for connecting people to places that might otherwise be inaccessible. This has important implications for raising awareness of polar heritage and its significance to Indigenous people, as well as to national and international audiences.
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    Decolonizing Geographies of Communication and Public Participation: Environmental and Climate Change Decision-Making Under Inuit Participatory Governance in the Western Canadian Arctic
    (2023-09-18) Chew, Suzanne Wei-Lu; Draper, Dianne Louise; Rice, Roberta; Clark, Douglas A.; Davidsen, Conny; Alonso-Yáñez, Gabriela; Chuenpagdee, Ratana
    Public participation is a key democratic process which can foster meaningful policymaking. Yet, in resource co-management, where natural resources are collaboratively managed by government and local communities, despite the widespread adoption of public participation processes, participation has largely failed Indigenous communities. Failure occurs when communication breaks down; yet, scant research has examined the role communication plays in the participatory processes of Nunavut's co-management boards, responsible for natural resource stewardship and entrusted with including affected communities in shared decision-making. This research examined the ways in which communication influenced public participation in environmental decision-making, and how spaces of decision-making shaped Inuit voice in participatory governance. Using a qualitative research approach, this study’s methodology learns from Indigenous research methodologies, combines a social constructivist lens with a phenomenological perspective and case study design, and adopts a constructivist grounded theory approach to data collection and analysis. Insights were drawn from in-person attendance at the 2020 public hearings on caribou co-management carried out by the Nunavut Wildlife Management Board in Kugluktuk and Cambridge Bay (Ikaluktutiak or Iqaluktuuttiaq) in the western Kitikmeot region of Nunavut, participant observation, literature review, community immersion in both communities over 11 weeks in 2018 and 2020, and 52 semi-structured interviews, including follow-up interviews with the same individuals, across 41 interviewees. Analysis indicated that at the caribou hearings, complex discourses behind communicative practices shaped by Inuit ontology and cosmology, such as silence and performative storytelling, were largely veiled. Governmentality and weaponized bureaucracy, power and colonial relations, and the use of rhetorical strategies antithetical to Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit, or Inuit traditional knowledge, further contributed to communicative tensions in talking across worlds in these spaces of decision-making. The implications and significance of this research reach far beyond wildlife co-management, raising crucial questions on voice in environmental decision-making and more broadly, the dream of Inuit sovereignty in Nunavut.
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    NO2 Exposure and Myocardial Infarction Hospitalizations in Calgary, Canada
    (2018-01-02) Liu, Xiaoxiao; Bertazzon, Stefania; Draper, Dianne Louise; Kaplan, Gilaad; TownShend, Ivan J.
    Air pollution is a leading public health concern. This research investigated the health effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on myocardial infarction (MI) in Calgary, Canada. Seasonal trend decomposition and hot spot analysis were applied exploring the spatial and seasonal pattern of MI. Both males and females followed a seasonal pattern with MI peaks in winter and summer. MI exhibited spatial clustering over communities with a larger proportion of older people, lower socioeconomic status, and proximity to industrial areas. A space-time model integrating harmonic regression and land use regression model was applied to estimate air pollution at fine spatial and temporal resolutions. providing accurate air pollution exposure for health risk studies. The varying association between MI and NO2 was examined with spatial autoregressive model (SAR) and geographically weighted regression (GWR), which accounts for spatial autocorrelation and spatial non-stationarity in MI. Result indicated that NO2 had a positive significant association with MI hospitalizations. However, the size and significance declined when age and gender were accounted for. By identifying potential factors in the hot spots, new evidence may be found to aid understanding of MI etiology. The advantage of this research is the space-time air pollution estimates at DA level, which enables reliable risk assessment at fine spatial scale. Further research shall be done with approach of multilevel model or hierarchic model to account for both individual and contextual factors. The research provides important information for health promotion. By raising the awareness regarding the spatial variation of air pollution, people may be able to further protect themselves from areas with relatively higher air pollution concentrations, especially for those vulnerable population such as elderly and people with asthma. It is helpful for policy makers and health researchers in targeting efforts and resources to areas in most needs. Overall, the air quality in Calgary is good, under the World Health Organization air pollution guidelines. Air pollution research in a cleaner area such as Calgary shows further indications about health impacts of air pollution at an acceptable level, which may shed new light regarding threshold research and further improvement of the existed air pollution guidelines.