Browsing by Author "Jessiman-Perreault, Geneviève"
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- ItemOpen AccessGeospatial analysis and participant characteristics associated with colorectal cancer screening participation in Alberta, Canada: a population-based cross-sectional study(2023-12-21) Jessiman-Perreault, Geneviève; Law, Jessica; Adhikari, Kamala; Machado, Amanda A.; Moysey, Barbara; Xu, Linan; Yang, Huiming; Scott, Lisa K. A.; Teare, Gary; Li, AlvinAbstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death in Canada and early detection can prevent deaths through screening. However, CRC screening in Alberta, Canada remains suboptimal and varies by sociodemographic and health system characteristics, as well as geographic location. This study aimed to further the understanding of these participant and health system characteristics associated with CRC screening in Alberta and identify clusters of regions with higher rates of overdue or unscreened individuals. Methods We included Albertans aged 52 to 74 as of December 31, 2019 (index date) and we used data from administrative health data sources and linked to the Alberta Colorectal Cancer Screening Program database to determine colorectal cancer screening rates. We used multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic, health system characteristics and participation in CRC screening. We used optimized Getis-Ord Gi* hot-spot analysis to identify hot and cold-spots in overdue for and no record of CRC screening. Results We included 919,939 Albertans, of which 65% were currently up to date on their CRC screening, 21% were overdue, and 14% had no record of CRC screening. Compared to Albertans who were currently up to date, those who were in older age groups, those without a usual provider of care, those who were health system non-users, and those living in more deprived areas were more likely to have no record of screening. Areas with high number of Albertans with no record of screening were concentrated in the North and Central zones. Conclusions Our study showed important variation in colorectal cancer screening participation across sociodemographic, health system and geographical characteristics and identified areas with higher proportions of individuals who have no record of screening or are under-screened in Alberta, Canada.
- ItemOpen AccessHPV vaccine narratives on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic: a social network, thematic, and sentiment analysis(2023-04-14) Boucher, Jean-Christophe; Kim, So Y.; Jessiman-Perreault, Geneviève; Edwards, Jack; Smith, Henry; Frenette, Nicole; Badami, Abbas; Scott, Lisa A.Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has increased online interactions and the spread of misinformation. Some researchers anticipate benefits stemming from improved public awareness of the value of vaccines while others worry concerns around vaccine development and public health mandates may have damaged public trust. There is a need to understand whether the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine development, and vaccine mandates have influenced HPV vaccine attitudes and sentiments to inform health communication strategies. Methods We collected 596,987 global English-language tweets from January 2019-May 2021 using Twitter’s Academic Research Product track. We determined vaccine confident and hesitant networks discussing HPV immunization using social network analysis. Then, we used a neural network approach to natural language processing to measure narratives and sentiment pertaining to HPV immunization. Results Most of the tweets in the vaccine hesitant network were negative in tone (54.9%) and focused on safety concerns surrounding the HPV vaccine while most of the tweets in the vaccine confident network were neutral (51.6%) and emphasized the health benefits of vaccination. Growth in negative sentiment among the vaccine hesitant network corresponded with legislative efforts in the State of New York to mandate HPV vaccination for public school students in 2019 and the WHO declaration of COVID-19 as a Global Health Emergency in 2020. In the vaccine confident network, the number of tweets concerning the HPV vaccine decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic but in both vaccine hesitant and confident networks, the sentiments, and themes of tweets about HPV vaccine were unchanged. Conclusions Although we did not observe a difference in narratives or sentiments surrounding the HPV vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed a decreased focus on the HPV vaccine among vaccine confident groups. As routine vaccine catch-up programs restart, there is a need to invest in health communication online to raise awareness about the benefits and safety of the HPV vaccine.
- ItemOpen AccessThe Intersection of Gender/Sex and Food Insecurity on Mental Health Outcomes(2016) Jessiman-Perreault, Geneviève; McIntyre, Lynn; Letourneau, Nicole; Johnston, J. Cyne; McLaren, LindsayGender and food insecurity are important social determinants of health and are related to a wide spectrum of mental health conditions. Food insecurity typically contains four dimensions: qualitative, quantitative, social and psychological; each of which has its own unique stressors. Food insecurity is a chronically stressful experience, and chronic stress has been consistently associated with the development of mental health problems. This thesis examines, using a pooled sample from a national data set, how the sex gap in seven mental health outcomes is affected by consideration of food insecurity status. For the full sample, the sex gap in five of seven mental health outcomes was pronounced. When only the food insecure sub-sample was examined, there were no statistically significant sex differences in six of seven mental health outcomes. Therefore, food insecurity has a sex neutralizing effect on the sex gap in mental health outcomes, an indication of its powerful effect as a stressor.