Browsing by Author "MacDonald, Shannon E."
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Item Open Access Development and evaluation of virtual simulation games to increase the confidence and self-efficacy of healthcare learners in vaccine communication, advocacy, and promotion(2024-02-25) Doucette, Emily J.; Fullerton, Madison M.; Pateman, Margaret; Lip, Alyssa; Houle, Sherilyn K.; Kellner, James D.; Leal, Jenine; MacDonald, Shannon E.; McNeil, Deborah; Tyerman, Jane; Luctkar-Flude, Marian; Davidson, Sandra; Constantinescu, CoraAbstract Background Although healthcare providers (HCPs) are the most trusted source of vaccine information, there is a paucity of easily accessible, multidisciplinary educational tools on vaccine communication for them. Virtual simulation games (VSGs) are innovative yet accessible and effective tools in healthcare education. The objectives of our study were to develop VSGs to increase HCP confidence and self-efficacy in vaccine communication, advocacy, and promotion, and evaluate the VSGs’ effectiveness using a pre-post self-assessment pilot study. Methods A multidisciplinary team of experts in medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and simulation development created three VSGs for HCP learners focused on addressing conversations with vaccine hesitant individuals. We evaluated the VSGs with 24 nursing students, 30 pharmacy students, and 18 medical residents who completed surveys and 6-point Likert scale pre-post self-assessments to measure changes in their confidence and self-efficacy. Results There were no significant differences in baseline confidence and self-efficacy across the three HCP disciplines, despite varied levels of education. Post-VSG confidence and self-efficacy (median: 5) were significantly higher than pre-VSG (median: 4–5) for all three HCP disciplines (P ≤ 0.0005), highlighting the effectiveness of the VSGs. Medical residents reported significantly lower post-VSG confidence and self-efficacy than nursing and pharmacy learners despite completing the most significant amount of education. Conclusions Following the completion of the VSGs, learners in medicine, nursing, and pharmacy showed significant improvement in their self-assessed confidence and self-efficacy in holding vaccine conversations. The VSGs as an educational tool, in combination with existing clinical immunization training, can be used to increase HCP confidence and engagement in vaccine discussions with patients, which may ultimately lead to increased vaccine confidence among patients.Item Open Access Impact of maternal depression and anxiety on immunization status of children: a prospective cohort study(2024-06-17) MacDonald, Shannon E.; Dhungana, Manisha; Stagg, Victoria; McDonald, Sheila; McNeil, Deborah; Kellner, James D.; Tough, Suzanne; Saini, VineetAbstract Background Maternal depression and anxiety can have a detrimental impact on birth outcomes and healthy child development; there is limited knowledge on its influence on immunization schedule adherence. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the impact of maternal depression and anxiety in the perinatal period on prolonged vaccine delay of childhood vaccines. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed linked survey and administrative data of 2,762 pregnant women in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Data were collected at two time-points: prenatal (< 25 weeks of gestation) and postpartum (4 months postpartum). We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between depression and anxiety with prolonged immunization delay, adjusting for covariates. Results In multivariable analysis, maternal depression at either time point was not associated with prolonged delay for DTaP-IPV-Hib (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.74–1.82), MMR/MMRV (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.72–1.48), or all routine childhood vaccines combined (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.86–2.04). Maternal anxiety at either time point was also not associated with prolonged delayed for DTaP-IPV-Hib (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.77–1.53), MMR/MMRV (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.82–1.40), or all vaccines combined (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.80–1.26). In both the depression and anxiety models, children of Canadian-born mothers had higher odds of prolonged delay, as did those with low-income mothers. Conclusion Health care providers can be reassured that maternal depression and anxiety do not appear to influence maternal commitment to routine immunization. Findings suggested that low income and household moves may influence adherence to vaccine schedules and health care providers may want to provide anticipatory guidance to these families.Item Open Access The pot calling the kettle black: the extent and type of errors in a computerized immunization registry and by parent report(BioMed Central, 2014-01-04) MacDonald, Shannon E.; Schopflocher, Donald P.; Golonka, Richard P