Browsing by Author "Sick, Stacy Rochelle"

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    Is a history of concussions associated with measures of cervical spine, vestibulo-ocular reflex, oculomotor, and dynamic balance in adolescent (ages 10-19) sport participants?
    (2023-09-18) Sick, Stacy Rochelle; Emery, Carolyn A; Schneider, Kathryn J; Frémont, Pierre; Lun, Victor; Eliason, Paul H
    Objectives: To examine the association between previous history of concussion and measures of the cervical spine, vestibulo-ocular reflex, oculomotor, and dynamic balance in adolescent (aged 10-19 years) sport participants. Participants: 1653 adolescents [988 (59.77%) male; 653 (39.50%) females; 12 (0.73%) undisclosed] participating in SHRed Concussions (Surveillance in High school and community to REDuce the risk of Concussion and their consequences). Assessment of Risk Factors: Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the association of clinical outcomes with previous number of concussions (0, 1, 2+). Model covariates included age (years), sex (male/female), baseline symptom severity score (xx/132), and sport type (collision/non-collision). Outcome Measures: Cervical [Range of motion (ROM), flexor endurance (CFE), flexion-rotation test (CFRT), head perturbation (HPT)], vestibulo-ocular reflex [head thrust (HTT), dynamic visual acuity (DVA)], oculomotor (symptom provocation / performance on smooth pursuit, horizontal and vertical saccades, and convergence) and dynamic balance [combined functional gait assessment (C-FGA)]. Results: An association was found between concussions history and clinical outcomes of vertical saccades symptom [OR1 relative to 0: 2.02, (1.09-3.76)] convergence performance [OR1 relative to 0: 2.02 (1.09-3.76)] and errors on CFA [OR2+ relative to 0 -0.14, (-0.58-0.30)]. In addition, the association between concussion history was modified by sex for the CFRT [OR males 1 relative to 0: 0.52 (0.27-0.99)], horizontal saccades symptom [OR females 2+ relative to 0: 4.08 (1.56-10.65)], vertical saccade performance [OR females 2+ relative to 0: 2.25 (1.30-3.92)], and HTT [OR females 1 relative to 0: 2.25 (1.30-3.92)]; OR females 2+ relative to 0: 2.25 (1.30-3.92); OR females 2+ relative to 0: 2.25 (1.30-3.92)]. Conclusion: Differences based on concussion history existed in all clinical domains, with females with a history of concussion(s) typically having poorer outcomes. Future research is needed to better understand the relationship between concussion history and clinical outcomes.