Browsing by Author "Yam, Josephine Victoria"

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    Commodity or Currency: How Carbon Credits Should be Traded To Achieve Environmental Integrity in Linked Cap-and-Trade Schemes
    (2016) Yam, Josephine Victoria; Mascher, Sharon
    Pursuant to the Paris Agreement, many countries intend to fulfill their carbon mitigation obligations by operating cap-and-trade schemes. While desirable, linking various cap-and-trade schemes to form a global carbon market is complex because it involves the collaboration of disparate schemes that governments have developed independently of each other. Because governments will design such schemes according to their own domestic priorities, heterogeneous carbon credits created from these schemes will have varying levels of environmental integrity. This thesis examines whether carbon credits should be traded like commodities or like currencies to achieve environmental integrity in linked cap-and-trade schemes. This thesis recommends that heterogeneous carbon credits should be traded like currencies by using carbon exchange rates that calibrate their varying carbon mitigation values to make them truly fungible. A carbon currency trading model will ensure the environmental integrity of linked cap-and-trade schemes to collectively mitigate climate change on an international scale.
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    The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme: Criteria Evaluations & Lessons Learned
    (Canadian Institute of Resources Law, 2015-03) Yam, Josephine Victoria
    In its September 2013 report, the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that because the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has been rising rapidly, climate change has become a global commons problem. The IPCC strongly encouraged nations to pursue innovative approaches to reduce GHGs so that the world can avoid the deleterious effects of climate change on human lives, property and ecosystems.