Browsing by Author "Zhang, Xiao"

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    High-Performance CMOS Image Sensor and System for Imaging Tissue Hemodynamics
    (2014-09-23) Zhang, Xiao; Murari, Kartikeya; Yadid-Pecht, Orly
    Monitoring changes in tissue oxygenation and blood volume is an important aspect of understanding the mechanisms of many diseases and creating corresponding therapeutic interventions. Spectroscopic imaging is adopted in my research to provide a non-contact recording method. Traditionally, such imaging is performed in anesthetized and restrained animals using benchtop instrumentation or miniaturized systems connecting to benchtop instruments through optical fibers or electrical cables, which limits the design and scope of studies. To create a miniaturized imaging system that realizes stand-alone operation on awake and freely-moving rats, I designed and implemented an imaging system, consisting of a miniaturized optical system, a high-performance complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor and a storage circuit. The system was electrically and optically characterized and proved to be capable of imaging reflectance changes related to tissue hemodynamics in response to deep brain stimulation (DBS).
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    Home-based exercise program and Health education in patients with patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trial
    (2023-11-18) Hong, Qiao-Mei; Wang, Hao-Nan; Liu, Xi-Hui; Zhou, Wen-Qi; Zhang, Xiao; Luo, Xiao-Bing
    Abstract Background Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common disorders of the knee joint. Home-based exercise is an effective intervention to achieve self-management for chronic diseases. This study evaluated the effects of home-based exercise and health education in patients with PFP. Methods Patients who had PFP were randomly allocated to an intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). Patients in the IG received a 6-week tailored home-based exercise program with health education via remote support, while patients in the CG group only received health education. Clinical outcomes were compared using the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) to measure function and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to measure “worst pain” and “pain with daily activity”. Muscle strength was measured according to the peak torque of the knee muscles using an isokinetic system. Results Among a total of 112 participants screened for eligibility, 38 were randomized and analyzed, including 19 participants in the intervention group and 19 participants in the control group. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the groups. At 6-week follow-up, the intervention group showed a greater worst pain reduction (between-group difference, -19.3 [95%CI, -23.2 to -15.5]; P < 0.01) and pain with daily activity (between-group difference, -22.9 [95%CI, -28.3 to -17.4]; P < 0.01) than the control group. Similarly, the intervention group had better improvements in AKPS (between-group difference, 9.0 [95%CI, 4.1 to 13.9]; P < 0.01) and knee extensor strength (between-group difference, 20.1 [95%CI, 14.5 to 25.8]; P < 0.01), compared to the control group. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion Home-based exercise and health education resulted in less pain, better function, and higher knee muscle strength compared with no exercise in patients with PFP. A large randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up is required to confirm these findings. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200056224 ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=135506 ). Registered on February 1, 2022.