Geophysical Surveys and Spatial Analysis: Late Prehistoric Period Site Patterning at the Junction Site (DkPi-2)

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dc.contributor.advisorFreeman, Andrea K. L.
dc.contributor.authorPatton, Margaret Maurine
dc.contributor.committeememberKooyman, Brian P.
dc.contributor.committeememberOetelaar, Gerald A.
dc.contributor.committeememberMoorman, Brian J.
dc.contributor.committeememberDalan, Rinita A.
dc.date2020-11
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-19T21:04:39Z
dc.date.available2020-06-19T21:04:39Z
dc.date.issued2020-06-18
dc.description.abstractTo understand the bigger picture of how people organized their space in Late Prehistoric Period camps, we need to look at large areas and examine the feature placement as people define the space around them. While excavations are often limited to small areas due to time and cost, geophysical surveys provide a method of examining large areas of a site relatively quickly and at relatively low cost. Extensive geophysical surveys at the Junction Site (DkPi-2) examined 7.9 hectares with magnetometry and 1 hectare with ground penetrating radar, revealing several types of anomalies in various configurations extending across large portions of the site. Within the magnetic data, anomaly groups form clusters, lines, and other arrangements that hint at the underlying spatial organization of activities at Junction. Excavation by Lifeways of Canada, Ltd. in 2017 and 2018 confirmed several anomalies as archaeological, revealing hearths, roasting pits, piles of fire broken rock, and other features. Anomalies are assessed using spatial analysis methods to identify patterns and clustering, connecting anomaly groups to potential archaeological feature arrangements. In addition, matrix samples from archaeological features and exposed profiles provide a geoarchaeological background to the site, improving the interpretation of the magnetic surveys by characterizing feature types in terms of magnetic susceptibility, particle size, loss on ignition, conductivity, and pH. Archaeological feature patterning at Junction varies depending on the area of the site and its underlying use: processing camp areas have a denser concentration of magnetic anomalies, linear patterns, and anomaly pairs, while winter domestic camp areas have fewer anomalies, but regularly spaced linear alignments. The linear alignments in the winter camp areas most likely represent internal lodge hearths with the lodges aligned parallel to topographic features. This project demonstrates the applicability of magnetometry on Northwestern Plains sites as well as the presence of patterning at Junction (DkPi-2) during the Late Prehistoric Period. Combined with the excavation data, the patterns hint at the spatial organization of the site and provide clues to the use of space by Old Women’s phase people in winter campsites and processing camps.en_US
dc.identifier.citationPatton, M. M. (2020). Geophysical Surveys and Spatial Analysis: Late Prehistoric Period Site Patterning at the Junction Site (DkPi-2) (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/37940
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/112206
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisher.facultyArtsen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.subjectNorthern Plainsen_US
dc.subjectLate Prehistoric Perioden_US
dc.subjectGeophysicsen_US
dc.subjectArchaeogeophysicsen_US
dc.subjectMagnetometryen_US
dc.subjectGround Penetrating Radaren_US
dc.subjectGPRen_US
dc.subjectSpatial Analysisen_US
dc.subjectOld Women's Phaseen_US
dc.subjectJunction Site (DkPi-2)en_US
dc.subjectNorthwestern Plainsen_US
dc.subject.classificationAnthropologyen_US
dc.subject.classificationArchaeologyen_US
dc.titleGeophysical Surveys and Spatial Analysis: Late Prehistoric Period Site Patterning at the Junction Site (DkPi-2)en_US
dc.typedoctoral thesisen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineArchaeologyen_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgaryen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)en_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrueen_US
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