The negative BOLD response as a marker of the seizure onset zone

Dykens, Perry Everett

The negative BOLD response as a marker of the seizure onset zone

dc.contributor.advisor	Federico, Paolo
dc.contributor.author	Dykens, Perry Everett
dc.contributor.committeemember	Goodyear, Brad
dc.contributor.committeemember	Klein, Karl Martin
dc.date.accessioned	2023-09-28T17:06:07Z
dc.date.available	2023-09-28T17:06:07Z
dc.date.issued	2023-09-20
dc.description.abstract	Epilepsy is a neurological disease affecting 70 million people worldwide. For most individuals, these seizures can be controlled using medications, however nearly 1 in 3 people may need surgery to achieve seizure freedom. For this surgery to be successful, the brain region generating the seizures, which contains the critical seizure onset zone (SOZ), must be accurately identified and removed. Unfortunately, the surgical success rate is low likely due to imprecise determination of the SOZ. As a novel approach to SOZ identification, the collection of intracranial electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging (iEEG-fMRI) has been proposed as a novel method of identifying the SOZ. However, iEEG-fMRI faces the methodological challenge of artifact introduced from MR scanning which completely obscures the physiological EEG signal. Therefore, the first step towards bringing iEEG-fMRI into the clinical realm is to improve methods for extracting the physiological EEG signal from the iEEG-fMRI data. To this end, the first study in this thesis validated a set of methods aimed at removing fMRI artifact from iEEG, culminating in the creation of the first automatic iEEG pre-processing pipeline. The next step towards clinical utility for iEEG-fMRI is improving our interpretation of iEEG-fMRI results. Traditionally, only positive IED related fMRI activation maps were considered in relation to SOZ localization, and the negative response was ignored. It has been suggested that both positive and negative activation maps should be considered, and the maximal cluster of these two maps, regardless of polarity, should be used to localize the SOZ. In the second study, the concept was tested using iEEG-fMRI and it was found that the use of the maximal negative cluster had limited utility for SOZ localization. The results of this thesis provide a new method for preparing EEG data from iEEG-fMRI experiments and it shows that the bulk of maximal negative fMRI clusters have limited reliability for clinical applications.
dc.identifier.citation	Dykens, P. E. (2023). The negative BOLD response as a marker of the seizure onset zone (Master's thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/1880/117174
dc.identifier.uri	https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/42016
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher.faculty	Cumming School of Medicine
dc.publisher.institution	University of Calgary
dc.rights	University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.
dc.subject	epilpesy
dc.subject	intracranial electroencephalography
dc.subject	interical epiltiform discharges
dc.subject	gradient switching artifact
dc.subject	fMRI
dc.subject	EEG
dc.subject	EEG-fMRI
dc.subject	BOLD
dc.subject	IEDs
dc.subject	Negative BOLD
dc.subject.classification	Neuroscience
dc.title	The negative BOLD response as a marker of the seizure onset zone
dc.type	master thesis
thesis.degree.discipline	Medicine – Neuroscience
thesis.degree.grantor	University of Calgary
thesis.degree.name	Master of Science (MSc)
ucalgary.thesis.accesssetbystudent	I do not require a thesis withhold – my thesis will have open access and can be viewed and downloaded publicly as soon as possible.