The Role of Prolactin in the Cellular Response to DNA Damaging Agents

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dc.contributor.advisorShemanko, Carrie S.
dc.contributor.authorKarayazi Atici, Odul
dc.date.accessioned2015-09-30T17:35:47Z
dc.date.embargolift2017-09-29T17:35:47Z
dc.date.issued2015-09-30
dc.date.submitted2015en
dc.description.abstractHigh serum levels of the peptide hormone prolactin are associated with increased breast cancer risk and poor prognosis. Prolactin is also involved in breast cancer resistance to different chemotherapeutics. The overall goal of this project is to investigate potential pathways involved in prolactin induced resistance to DNA damaging agents with the hypothesis that the cross-talk between the prolactin pathway and the DNA damage response is important in the mechanism. We previously identified that one isoform of heat shock protein-90 (HSP90), Hsp90alpha, is a prolactin-Janus kinase-2 (Jak2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (Stat5) regulated gene in breast cancer cells. We have now observed that prolactin increased the viability of breast cancer cells to DNA damaging chemotherapeutics, and Hsp90 inhibitors, 17AAG and BIIB021, abrogated the effect of prolactin, indicating the mechanism of enhanced viability involves the master cancer chaperone Hsp90. The stability of Jak2 and both the total ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) and phospho-ATM appear to be dependent on functional Hsp90. Inhibition of Jak2 and ATM, with highly selective inhibitors (G6 and KU55933, respectively), abrogated prolactin enhanced viability, suggesting their role in prolactin induced cell viability. Drug combination experiments with Hsp90 inhibitor BIIB021 and doxorubicin, and ATM inhibitor KU55933 and doxorubicin, showed drug synergism between doxorubicin and both KU55933 and BIIB021 in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Interestingly, in orthotopic xenograft studies, autocrine prolactin from human breast cancer cells increased the tumor latency of doxorubicin induced DNA damaged cells in SCID mice compared to untreated or prolactin or doxorubicin alone. We hypothesize that this is in part due to the cross-talk of the prolactin and DNA damage response pathways that may be affecting the tumor microenvironment.en_US
dc.description.embargoterms2 yearsen_US
dc.identifier.citationKarayazi Atici, O. (2015). The Role of Prolactin in the Cellular Response to DNA Damaging Agents (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca. doi:10.11575/PRISM/28347en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/28347
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11023/2567
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.facultyGraduate Studies
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.publisher.placeCalgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.
dc.subjectBiology--Cell
dc.subject.classificationprolactin, breast cancer, DNA damageen_US
dc.titleThe Role of Prolactin in the Cellular Response to DNA Damaging Agents
dc.typedoctoral thesis
thesis.degree.disciplineBiological Sciences
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgary
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrue
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