Behaviour and design of slender masonry walls at full- and half-scale subject to axial eccentric loads

Iskander, George Sami Aziz Salama

Behaviour and design of slender masonry walls at full- and half-scale subject to axial eccentric loads

dc.contributor.advisor	Shrive, Nigel
dc.contributor.author	Iskander, George Sami Aziz Salama
dc.contributor.committeemember	Wong, Ron
dc.contributor.committeemember	Duncan, Neil
dc.date	2023-11
dc.date.accessioned	2023-08-30T17:56:59Z
dc.date.available	2023-08-30T17:56:59Z
dc.date.issued	2023-08
dc.description.abstract	The behaviour of slender concrete masonry walls is poorly understood. This is particularly evident by the treatment of such walls in the Canadian masonry design standard, CSA S304-14. Many researchers have noted the poor accuracy of CSA S304-14’s provisions and the need for more experimental data. A major limiting factor to building and testing walls is their size and the quantity of materials used. This limitation can be overcome by using half-scale walls – however, it must first be proven that scale effects do not influence the results obtained. Of further utility would be a verified finite-element model to predict wall failure loads and modes with a high degree of confidence. Towards these ends, twelve masonry walls, six at full-scale and six corresponding half-scale walls, were built and tested under an axial load with an eccentricity of 1/3 of the wall thickness; single curvature moment was applied. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to acquire lateral displacement data; its implementation in this study is presented. Specimen handling procedures are also presented. Wall strengths, lateral displacement profiles and behaviour were recorded and are presented. Experimental results show that size effect does not influence the behaviour and strength of slender concrete masonry walls at half-scale. Experimental results are used to discuss shortcomings in CSA S304-14’s treatment of wall effective stiffness. A verified finite element model was also used to investigate the failure load and mode of 80 hollow masonry walls, with varying effective height to thickness ratio, eccentricity, and inclusion of initial geometric imperfection. Numerical results are used to determine when the inclusion of geometric imperfections impacts numerical predictions, and to determine wall failure modes for various parametric combinations. The model is also used to discuss adjustments to clauses in CSA S304-14 related to minimum primary moment and hollow masonry wall axial strength.
dc.identifier.citation	Iskander, G. S. A. S. (2023). Behaviour and design of slender masonry walls at full- and half-scale subject to axial eccentric loads (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/1880/116919
dc.identifier.uri	https://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/41762
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher.faculty	Graduate Studies
dc.publisher.institution	University of Calgary
dc.rights	University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.
dc.subject	Masonry Walls
dc.subject	Axial Eccentric Load
dc.subject	Beam Column
dc.subject	Scaling Effect
dc.subject	Slender Walls
dc.subject.classification	Engineering--Civil
dc.title	Behaviour and design of slender masonry walls at full- and half-scale subject to axial eccentric loads
dc.type	doctoral thesis
thesis.degree.discipline	Engineering – Civil
thesis.degree.grantor	University of Calgary
thesis.degree.name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
ucalgary.thesis.accesssetbystudent	I do not require a thesis withhold – my thesis will have open access and can be viewed and downloaded publicly as soon as possible.