Controlling the Northern Seas: The Influence of Exclusive Economic Zones on the Development of Norwegian, Danish, and Canadian Naval Forces

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dc.contributor.advisorHuebert, Robert
dc.contributor.authorChoi, Timothy Hiu-Tung
dc.contributor.committeememberHolloway, Ian
dc.contributor.committeememberFerris, John
dc.contributor.committeememberChastko, Paul
dc.contributor.committeememberSloan, Elinor
dc.date2023-02
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-21T17:42:06Z
dc.date.available2022-12-21T17:42:06Z
dc.date.issued2022-12-12
dc.description.abstractThe military challenge of climate change in the Arctic is often centered upon resource access within Arctic states' Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). There is thus a need to understand how those states' naval forces have responded to EEZ creation during the Cold War and their consequences through the present day. Examining the navies of Norway, Denmark, and Canada, this dissertation asks how the EEZ directly and indirectly affected their force structures and sea control operations and whether smaller navies consistently differ from larger one, which tackles the dearth of literature on smaller navies and peacetime naval operations. This dissertation finds that while all three Arctic states created and exploited the 200 NM zones, only Norway developed notably increased constabulary seapower inputs for controlling its blue water offshore area. For Denmark, its colonial territories in the North Atlantic meant its navy already had the constabulary fleet and organizational infrastructure necessary to control its EEZ even as its warfighting fleet focused on Baltic operations. Meanwhile, Canada could depend on its pre-existing blue water warfighting fleet to serve as ad hoc constabulary platforms for legally-endowed civilian fisheries officers. Despite these differences in each country’s force structures, the actual operations of all three countries’ navies would converge in the post-Cold War era, which called for overseas expeditionary missions in accordance with alliance interests. For the two smaller navies of Norway and Denmark, such missions were carried out with the same constabulary forces originally designed for EEZ concerns as they were the ones with the necessary blue water characteristics. In contrast, Canada already had a fleet of naval vessels that were suitable for such expeditionary operations due to its focus on blue water antisubmarine warfare. By the early 2010s, all three countries would have the necessary warfighting assets to operate in expeditionary roles, though only Canada would have the numbers required to do so on a continuous basis. However, rising geopolitical tensions and climate change’s effect on increasing activity in and around these countries’ EEZs is leading to a convergence of warfighting and constabulary requirements in these northern seas close to home.en_US
dc.identifier.citationChoi, T. H. -T. (2022). Controlling the northern seas: the influence of exclusive economic zones on the development of Norwegian, Danish, and Canadian Naval Forces (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/115610
dc.identifier.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/40544
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisher.facultyArtsen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.subjectmaritime securityen_US
dc.subjectUNCLOSen_US
dc.subjectExclusive Economic Zoneen_US
dc.subjectEEZen_US
dc.subjectRoyal Canadian Navyen_US
dc.subjectRoyal Danish Navyen_US
dc.subjectRoyal Norwegian Navyen_US
dc.subjectseapoweren_US
dc.subjectsea poweren_US
dc.subjectnaval strategyen_US
dc.subjectmaritime strategyen_US
dc.subjectNATOen_US
dc.subjectArcticen_US
dc.subjectclimate changeen_US
dc.subjectCold Waren_US
dc.subjectnaviesen_US
dc.subjectcoast guarden_US
dc.subjectsjøforsvareten_US
dc.subjectsøværneten_US
dc.subjectsmall naviesen_US
dc.subjectsea controlen_US
dc.subjectoffshore patrol vesselsen_US
dc.subjectNorth Atlanticen_US
dc.subjectSvalbarden_US
dc.subjectIcelanden_US
dc.subjectGreenlanden_US
dc.subject.classificationHistory--Modernen_US
dc.subject.classificationHistory--Canadianen_US
dc.subject.classificationHistory--Militaryen_US
dc.subject.classificationMilitary Studiesen_US
dc.subject.classificationPolitical Science--International Law and Relationsen_US
dc.titleControlling the Northern Seas: The Influence of Exclusive Economic Zones on the Development of Norwegian, Danish, and Canadian Naval Forcesen_US
dc.typedoctoral thesisen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineMilitary & Strategic Studiesen_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgaryen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)en_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrueen_US
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