Analyzing the Nanomechanical Oscillations of Brain Tumor Cells using Optical Tweezers

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dc.contributor.advisorAmrein, Matthias
dc.contributor.authorGhandorah, Salim
dc.contributor.committeememberGhasemloonia, Ahmad
dc.contributor.committeememberGreen, Francis H. Y.
dc.contributor.committeememberMahoney, Douglas J.
dc.date2019-02
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-03T22:00:00Z
dc.date.available2019-01-03T22:00:00Z
dc.date.issued2019-01-02
dc.description.abstractUnder the microscope, cells manifest nanomechanical oscillations (also known as vibrations and fluctuations). While the exact source of these oscillations is unknown, they may reflect the numerous inherent active processes of living cells. The sum of these active processes of cell characterizes its phenotype and function. Therefore, we hypothesize that the oscillation spectrum is unique for each cell type, and reflective of its functional state, allowing phenotypically-different cell types to be differentiated and functional changes in the cells to be followed. To test this hypothesis, we employed a novel, highly sensitive tool, optical tweezers, to record the oscillations of two brain tumor cells and applied advanced multivariate analysis to statistically evaluate the difference between the oscillation spectra. Two main sub aims were addressed; (1) To find optimal conditions for the optical tweezers setup for single cell oscillation measurements, and (2) To establish statistical methods to differentiate cells based on their oscillation patterns. Our results showed feature-rich spectra of different cell types over a frequency range from a few Hertz (Hz) to 50 kHz. The multivariate analysis generated two separate clusters for each cell type. The analysis also allowed evaluation of the spectra for features that are strongly associated with differences and the features that are common among cells. My thesis expands the current knowledge of cellular oscillations. While previous studies demonstrated a correlation between the metabolic activity of cells and overall magnitude of oscillations, spectral decomposition was either not reported or showed few, if any, cell-specific frequencies. In conclusion, the recording of oscillation spectra of single cells using optical tweezers, followed by multivariate statistical analysis is a promising method to differentiate cell types and follow cellular functions in real-time.en_US
dc.identifier.citationGhandorah, S. (2019). Analyzing the Nanomechanical Oscillations of Brain Tumor Cells using Optical Tweezers (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/35683
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/109408
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisher.facultyCumming School of Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.subjectcancer diagnosisen_US
dc.subjectbrain tumoren_US
dc.subjectmethod developmenten_US
dc.subjectgliblastomaen_US
dc.subjectcell oscillationsen_US
dc.subject.classificationSociology--Theory and Methodsen_US
dc.subject.classificationBiology--Cellen_US
dc.subject.classificationBiophysicsen_US
dc.subject.classificationBiophysics--Medicalen_US
dc.subject.classificationMedicine and Surgeryen_US
dc.subject.classificationEngineering--Biomedicalen_US
dc.titleAnalyzing the Nanomechanical Oscillations of Brain Tumor Cells using Optical Tweezersen_US
dc.typedoctoral thesisen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineMedicine – Medical Sciencesen_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgaryen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)en_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrue
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