'All Four Seasons and I Will Die': A Typology of Displacement Atrocities

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dc.contributor.advisorHiebert, Maureen S.
dc.contributor.authorBasso, Andrew Robert
dc.contributor.committeememberTerriff, Terry
dc.contributor.committeememberRay, Donald Iain
dc.contributor.committeememberHuebert, Robert N.
dc.contributor.committeememberAlvarez, Alex
dc.date2019-11
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-25T15:25:15Z
dc.date.available2019-07-25T15:25:15Z
dc.date.issued2019-07-15
dc.description.abstractIn this dissertation I answer the question: why is displacement used to commit genocide? To answer this question, a typology and theory of Displacement Atrocity (DA) crimes is offered. Perpetrators of DA crimes uniquely fuse forced displacement with systemic deprivations of vital daily needs in order to destroy populations in whole or in part. DA crimes are typically perpetrated in large political geographies which are transformed into spaces of annihilation. There are two subtypes of DA crimes. First, perpetrators of kettling DA crimes use area squared to displace populations into and confine them in these large areas to annihilate them. Second, perpetrators of escorting DA crimes use linear distance to forcibly march their targeted populations along and annihilate them. This potent indirect killing method has yet to be fully understood in relevant literatures. The inductive typology I present is based on comparative historical analysis of Germany’s Genocide of the Herero (Herero Genocide) in German South-West Africa (1904-1908) and the Ottoman Genocide of Christian Minorities (1914-1925) in the Ottoman Empire/Turkey. The DA crime theory is then tested against two counter-cases which occurred in the same political geographies: Germany’s Genocide of the Nama (Nama Genocide) (1905-1908) and the Hamidian Massacres (1894-1896). The potential future uses of the DA crime concept in the 21st-Century are offered in the conclusions section.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBasso, A. R. (2019). All Four Seasons and I Will Die': A Typology of Displacement Atrocities (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/36766
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/110666
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisher.facultyArtsen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.subjectDisplacement Atrocityen_US
dc.subjectDisplacementen_US
dc.subjectForced Displacementen_US
dc.subjectAtrocityen_US
dc.subjectGenocideen_US
dc.subjectPolitical Violenceen_US
dc.subjectPolitical Geographyen_US
dc.subjectKettling Displacement Atrocityen_US
dc.subjectEscorting Displacement Atrocityen_US
dc.subjectHerero Genocideen_US
dc.subjectOttoman Genocide of Christian Minoritiesen_US
dc.subjectHererosen_US
dc.subjectArmeniansen_US
dc.subjectGreeksen_US
dc.subjectAssyriansen_US
dc.subjectNama Genocideen_US
dc.subjectHamidian Massacresen_US
dc.subjectNamibiaen_US
dc.subjectGermanyen_US
dc.subjectOttoman Empireen_US
dc.subjectTurkeyen_US
dc.subject.classificationPolitical Scienceen_US
dc.subject.classificationPolitical Science--International Law and Relationsen_US
dc.title'All Four Seasons and I Will Die': A Typology of Displacement Atrocitiesen_US
dc.typedoctoral thesisen_US
thesis.degree.disciplinePolitical Scienceen_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgaryen_US
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)en_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrueen_US
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