The stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) revisited: residual force enhancement contributes to increased performance during fast SSCs of human m. adductor pollicis

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dc.contributor.authorHerzog, Walter
dc.contributor.authorSeiberl, Wolfgang
dc.contributor.authorPower, Geoffrey A.
dc.contributor.authorHahn, Daniel
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-21T19:27:57Z
dc.date.available2016-06-21T19:27:57Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractThe stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) occurs in most everyday movements, and is thought to provoke a performance enhancement of the musculoskeletal system. However, mechanisms of this performance enhancement remain a matter of debate. One proposed mechanism is associated with a stretch-induced increase in steady-state force, referred to as residual force enhancement (RFE). As yet, direct evidence relating RFE to increased force/work during SSCs is missing. Therefore, forces of electrically stimulated m. adductor pollicis (n = 14 subjects) were measured during and after pure stretch, pure shortening, and stretch-shortening contractions with varying shortening amplitudes. Active stretch (30°, x = 161 6°s 1) caused significant RFE (16%, P < 0.01), whereas active shortening (10°, 20°, and 30°; x = 103 3°s 1, 152 5°s 1, and 170 5°s 1) resulted in significant force depression (9–15%, P < 0.01). In contrast, after SSCs (that is when active stretch preceded active shortening) no force depression was found. Indeed for our specific case in which the shortening amplitude was only 1/3 of the lengthening amplitude, there was a remnant RFE (10%, P < 0.01) following the active shortening. This result indicates that the RFE generated during lengthening affected force depression when active lengthening was followed by active shortening. As conventional explanations, such as the storage and release of elastic energy, cannot explain the enhanced steady-state force after SSCs, it appears that the stretch-induced RFE is not immediately abolished during shortening and contributes to the increased force and work during SSCs.en_US
dc.description.refereedYesen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCanadian Institutes of Health Research, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canada Research Chair Programma, and the Killan Foundation. Also, the German Research Foundation (DFG), and the Technische Universitat Munchen.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSeiberl, W., Power, G. A., Herzog, W., & Hahn, D. (2015). The stretch‐shortening cycle (SSC) revisited: residual force enhancement contributes to increased performance during fast SSCs of human m. adductor pollicis. Physiological reports, 3(5), e12401.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.14814/phy2.12401
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/34243
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/51412
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPhysiological Reportsen_US
dc.publisherPhysiological reportsen_US
dc.publisher.departmentHuman Performance Laboratoryen_US
dc.publisher.facultyKinesiologyen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen_US
dc.subjectconcentricen_US
dc.subjecteccentricen_US
dc.subjectelectrical stimulationen_US
dc.subjectforce depressionen_US
dc.subjectforce enhancementen_US
dc.subjectforce redevelopmenten_US
dc.subjectmuscleen_US
dc.subjectpotentiationen_US
dc.subjectthumben_US
dc.titleThe stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) revisited: residual force enhancement contributes to increased performance during fast SSCs of human m. adductor pollicisen_US
dc.typejournal article
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