Functional Neocortical Movement Encoding in the Rat

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atmire.migration.oldid1839
dc.contributor.advisorTeskey, G. Campbell
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Andrew
dc.date.accessioned2014-01-30T23:49:52Z
dc.date.embargolift2017-01-30T23:49:52Z
dc.date.issued2014-01-30
dc.date.submitted2014en
dc.description.abstractThe motor cortex has long been known to play a central role in the generation and control of volitional movement, yet its intrinsic functional organization is not fully understood. Two alternate views on the functional organization of motor cortex have been proposed. Short-duration (>50 ms) intracortical stimulation (SD-ICMS) reveals a somatotopic representation of body musculature, whereas long-duration (~500 ms) ICMS (LD-ICMS) reveals a topographic representation of coordinated movement endpoint postures. The functional organization of motor cortex in the rat was probed using combined approaches of in vivo microstimulation, behavioural analysis of forelimb motor performance, and acute cortical cooling deactivation. The first study, using a rodent model of Parkinson’s disease and therapeutic deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus, determined that acute changes (<60 s) in cortical output function and motor performance are reflected in reversible alterations in movement thresholds and representation sizes. A second study characterized forelimb movement representations under SD-ICMS revealing a dual-representation (digit, wrist, elbow, shoulder) within rostral (RFA) and caudal (CFA) forelimb motor areas. LD-ICMS elicited forelimb reach-to-grasp behaviour (elevate, advance, grasp, retract) with a functional segregation between RFA (grasp) and CFA (elevate, advance, retract) representations. Behaviourally distinct functional roles between these two areas was confirmed through behavioural assessment during selective cortical cooling deactivation. A final study demonstrated increased movement representation overlap assessed with LD-ICMS following repeated kindled-seizures that was not attributed to changes in intracortical inhibition. Current experimentation provides the first causal evidence for movement-based rather than muscle-based functional organization of motor cortex and functional neocortical movement encoding in the rat.en_US
dc.description.embargoterms3 yearsen_US
dc.identifier.citationBrown, A. (2014). Functional Neocortical Movement Encoding in the Rat (Doctoral thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca. doi:10.11575/PRISM/26247en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/26247
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11023/1355
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.facultyGraduate Studies
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen
dc.publisher.placeCalgaryen
dc.rightsUniversity of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.
dc.subjectNeuroscience
dc.subject.classificationMotor cortexen_US
dc.subject.classificationBehaviouren_US
dc.titleFunctional Neocortical Movement Encoding in the Rat
dc.typedoctoral thesis
thesis.degree.disciplineNeuroscience
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Calgary
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrue
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