Myoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiome

Rincón García, Mónica

Myoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiome

dc.contributor.advisor	van der Meer, Frank
dc.contributor.author	Rincón García, Mónica
dc.contributor.committeemember	Bachofen, Claudia
dc.contributor.committeemember	Orsel, Karin
dc.contributor.committeemember	Timsit, Édouard
dc.contributor.committeemember	Hynes, Michael F.
dc.date	2019-06
dc.date.accessioned	2019-03-19T17:41:21Z
dc.date.available	2019-03-19T17:41:21Z
dc.date.issued	2019-03-18
dc.description.abstract	Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) phages from the order of Caudovirales are the most abundant viruses in the microbiome of the mammalian digestive tract. There is increasing awareness of the role of phages in modulating bacterial composition in digestive compartments. Mammalian digestive microbiomes are generally dominated by members of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla. Moreover, phages from the Siphoviridae family (order Caudovirales) are the most abundant members in the rumen of cattle and large intestine of humans, horses and pigs. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding composition of the virome in the large intestine of cattle. To facilitate these studies, suitable methods to analyze bovine fecal sample for virus content are needed. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to establish appropriate methodologies and evaluate fecal samples from various sources. Two virus particle purification (VPP) procedures, namely filtration and cesium chloride (CsCl) ultracentrifugation were compared, using electron microscopy (EM), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and metagenomic analyses. In total, 39 cattle fecal samples were processed. Metagenomic analysis was the most suitable methodology for measuring relative abundance (RA) and diversity of Myoviridae in fecal samples from two beef and two dairy cattle. Overall, numbers of phage members of the order Caudovirales was higher compared to other dsDNA viruses, with Myoviridae being the most abundant family within this order. Furthermore, a functional procedure to estimate total viral dsDNA virome in feces was developed. In conclusion, this thesis includes methods to detect and characterize phages in cattle feces, with generation of novel data that improve understanding of viral diversity in fecal microbiomes.	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Rincón García, M. (2019). Myoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiome (Master's thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada). Retrieved from https://prism.ucalgary.ca.	en_US
dc.identifier.doi	http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/36303
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/1880/110086
dc.language.iso	en	en_US
dc.publisher.faculty	Veterinary Medicine	en_US
dc.publisher.institution	University of Calgary	en
dc.rights	University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.	en_US
dc.subject	Bacteriophages, metagenomic analysis, cattle gut microbiome, virome, Myoviridae, Caudovirales	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Education--Sciences	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Animal Physiology	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Bioinformatics	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Microbiology	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Veterinary Science	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Virology	en_US
dc.title	Myoviridae as Part of Cattle Fecal Microbiome	en_US
dc.type	master thesis	en_US
thesis.degree.discipline	Veterinary Medical Sciences	en_US
thesis.degree.grantor	University of Calgary	en_US
thesis.degree.name	Master of Science (MSc)	en_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopy	true