Five-Year-Olds' and Adults' Use of Paralinguistic Cues to Overcome Referential Uncertainty

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dc.contributor.authorThacker, Justine Marie
dc.contributor.authorChambers, Craig G.
dc.contributor.authorGraham, Susan A.
dc.date.accessioned2020-05-19T18:00:24Z
dc.date.available2020-05-19T18:00:24Z
dc.date.issued2018-01
dc.description.abstractAn eye-tracking methodology was used to explore adults' and children's use of two utterance-based cues to overcome referential uncertainty in real time. Participants were first introduced to two characters with distinct color preferences. These characters then produced fluent ("Look! Look at the blicket.") or disfluent ("Look! Look at thee, uh, blicket.") instructions referring to novel objects in a display containing both talker-preferred and talker-dispreferred colored items. Adults (Expt 1, n = 24) directed a greater proportion of looks to talker-preferred objects during the initial portion of the utterance ("Look! Look at…"), reflecting the use of indexical cues for talker identity. However, they immediately reduced consideration of an object bearing the talker's preferred color when the talker was disfluent, suggesting they infer disfluency would be more likely as a talker describes dispreferred objects. Like adults, 5-year-olds (Expt 2, n = 27) directed more attention to talker-preferred objects during the initial portion of the utterance. Children's initial predictions, however, were not modulated when disfluency was encountered. Together, these results demonstrate that adults, but not 5-year-olds, can act on information from two talker-produced cues within an utterance, talker preference, and speech disfluencies, to establish reference.en_US
dc.identifier.citationThacker, J. M., Chambers, C. G., & Graham, S. A. (2018). Five-Year-Olds’ and Adults’ Use of Paralinguistic Cues to Overcome Referential Uncertainty. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00143en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00143en_US
dc.identifier.issn1664-1078
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/112089
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/43688
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Media S.A.en_US
dc.publisher.departmentPsychologyen_US
dc.publisher.facultyArtsen_US
dc.publisher.hasversionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Torontoen_US
dc.publisher.policyhttps://www.frontiersin.org/en_US
dc.rightsUnless otherwise indicated, this material is protected by copyright and has been made available with authorization from the copyright owner. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.titleFive-Year-Olds' and Adults' Use of Paralinguistic Cues to Overcome Referential Uncertaintyen_US
dc.typejournal articleen_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrueen_US
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