Trends in Socioeconomic Inequities in Diet Quality between 2004 and 2015 among a Nationally Representative Sample of Children in Canada

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dc.contributor.authorOlstad, Dana Lee
dc.contributor.authorNejatinamini, Sara
dc.contributor.authorVictorino, Charlie
dc.contributor.authorKirkpatrick, Sharon
dc.contributor.authorMinaker, Leia M
dc.contributor.authorMcLaren, Lindsay
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-09T22:23:38Z
dc.date.available2022-03-09T22:23:38Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-13
dc.description.abstractBackground: Dietary inequities in childhood may shape dietary and health inequities across the life course. Quantifying the magnitude and direction of trends in absolute and relative gaps and gradients in diet quality according to multiple indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) can inform strategies to narrow these inequities. Objectives: We examined trends in absolute and relative gaps and gradients in diet quality between 2004 and 2015 according to 3 indicators of SEP among a nationally representative sample of children in Canada. Methods: Data from children (aged 2-17 y; n = 18,670) who participated in the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition in 2004 or 2015 were analyzed. SEP was based on total household income, household educational attainment, and neighborhood deprivation. Dietary intake data from 1 interviewer-administered 24-h dietary recall were used to derive a Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) score for each participant as a measure of diet quality. Inequities in diet quality were quantified using 4 indices: absolute and relative gaps (between highest and lowest SEP) and absolute (Slope Index of Inequality) and relative gradients (Relative Index of Inequality). Overall and age-stratified multivariable linear regression and generalized linear models examined trends in HEI-2015 scores between 2004 and 2015. Results: Although mean HEI-2015 total scores improved from 52.3 to 57.3 (maximum 100 points; P < 0.001), absolute and relative gaps and gradients in diet quality remained mostly stable for all 3 SEP indicators. However, among children aged 6-11 y, absolute and relative gradients in diet quality according to household educational attainment and neighborhood deprivation widened. Conclusions: The diet quality of children in Canada was poor and inequitably patterned in 2004 and 2015. Although mean diet quality improved between 2004 and 2015, absolute and relative gaps and gradients in diet quality persisted, with some evidence of widening absolute and relative gradients among 6- to 11-y-olds.en_US
dc.description.grantingagencyCanadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)en_US
dc.identifier.citationOlstad, D. L., Nejatinamini, S., Victorino, C., Kirkpatrick, S. I., Minaker, L. M., & McLaren, L. (2021). Trends in Socioeconomic Inequities in Diet Quality between 2004 and 2015 among a Nationally Representative Sample of Children in Canada. The Journal of Nutrition, 151(12), 3781-3794.en_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab297en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1880/114453
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen_US
dc.publisher.departmentCommunity Health Sciencesen_US
dc.publisher.facultyCumming School of Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen_US
dc.publisher.policyhttps://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/self_archiving_policy_ASN?login=falseen_US
dc.subjectCanadaen_US
dc.subjectabsolute inequitiesen_US
dc.subjectchildrenen_US
dc.subjectdiet qualityen_US
dc.subjectdietary inequitiesen_US
dc.subjecthealthy eating indexen_US
dc.subjectnationally representative surveyen_US
dc.subjectrelative inequitiesen_US
dc.titleTrends in Socioeconomic Inequities in Diet Quality between 2004 and 2015 among a Nationally Representative Sample of Children in Canadaen_US
dc.typejournal articleen_US
ucalgary.item.requestcopytrueen_US
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